Final answer:
The Supreme Court hears fewer cases largely due to the increased guidance of lower court judges and the system's heavy reliance on precedent. The Supreme Court also strategically selects cases influenced by various external players, and maintains a crucial role in setting binding precedents for lower courts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some scholars suggest that one of the reasons the Supreme Court hears fewer cases today than in the past is the increased guidance issued by lower court judges. Over time, the federal court system has relied heavily on precedent, ensuring that its operations are consistent and stable.
The reliance on precedent by lower courts helps to build clear principles and guidelines, which may reduce the number of cases that come into conflict and thus require Supreme Court review. Furthermore, the Supreme Court selectively exercises its power to grant certiorari, or choose cases, often looking at cases with significant interest from key external players like the solicitor general, but also considering the impacts of a surplus of interest-group activity.
During its decision-making process, the Supreme Court is influenced by various external factors, including the court of public opinion, special-interest pressure, and mass media. Despite potential influences, justices strive to maintain the institution's legitimacy and take a strategic, long-term approach to their rulings.