Final answer:
The opinion of a court sets forth the reasoning behind a ruling and establishes precedent. Such opinions are important as they guide future cases and create a common law framework. Option d. is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The opinion of a court, such as those issued by the Supreme Court, sets forth the reasoning upon which the ruling was based. This includes an explanation of how the law is applied to the facts of the case and often cites precedent to justify the decision. The opinion serves as a guideline for future cases, creating a common law framework that influences subsequent legal decisions. The majority opinion reflects the view supported by a majority of the justices, which requires at least five of the nine to agree.
This majority opinion is crucial as it establishes the reasoning and legal precedent for the ruling. There may also be concurring opinions and dissenting opinions, which can be influential in future legal debates and interpretations of the law.