Final answer:
Gastrectomy refers to the excision of the stomach, which is a procedure involved in various types of bariatric surgeries aimed at treating obesity by limiting food intake and nutrient absorption. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that means excision of the stomach is gastrectomy. This medical procedure is where part or all of the stomach is surgically removed.
Bariatric surgery, which includes gastrectomy, is a type of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limit how much of the digested food can be absorbed. It is the most effective medical treatment for obesity after changes in diet, exercise, and medications have proved insufficient.
Patients who qualify for bariatric surgery typically are those who have a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or have a BMI of 35 or higher with serious co-morbidities related to obesity. Bariatric surgeries widely recognized include stomach stapling, lap band, and gastric sleeve procedures.
Stomach stapling involves creating a small pouch in the stomach to reduce food intake. The gastric band procedure also creates a small stomach pouch but does it by placing an adjustable band around the stomach. The gastric sleeve procedure involves removing a portion of the stomach to limit food intake.
Each type of bariatric surgery has varying degrees of effectiveness, with some resulting in more significant long-term weight loss than others. For instance, the Roux-En-Y procedure involves bypassing a significant section of the stomach and duodenum, which is known for substantial long-term weight loss outcomes. Option 1. is the correct one.