Final answer:
The infection of the urinary bladder is known as cystitis, not pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a serious kidney infection, which is a different condition that may stem from a bladder infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Infection of the urinary bladder is termed pyelonephritis' is false. An infection of the urinary bladder is correctly called cystitis. It is a very common type of urinary tract infection and is typically caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli. In contrast, pyelonephritis is a serious kidney infection that may develop from a lower urinary tract infection but specifically affects the kidneys. The causative bacteria often spread from the bladder or can reach the kidneys through the bloodstream. Pyelonephritis can cause symptoms such as fever, back pain, nausea, and vomiting, and it can lead to more severe systemic complications if left untreated.