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________ is "something that is contrary to law or contrary to human understanding."

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Final answer:

The concept refers to a philosophical contradiction or a paradox. Aristotle's law of noncontradiction places this principle as foundational in logic, suggesting that contradictory statements cannot be true concurrently. This principle is applicable in various domains, including moral reasoning and legal interpretation.

Step-by-step explanation:

Something that is contrary to law or contrary to human understanding may refer to a philosophical contradiction or a paradox in reasoning. To understand this concept, we look to the law of noncontradiction, which is a fundamental principle in logic and philosophy.

A key figure in the establishment of this principle was Aristotle, who argued that the law of noncontradiction is foundational for the sciences, reasoning, and language. Aristotle stated that it is impossible for the same thing both to be and not to be at the same time and in the same respect. This principle may overlap with legal contradictions when laws are drafted or interpreted in ways that oppose their intended purpose or universal principles of justice.

The Excluded Middle is another principle closely related to the law of noncontradiction, stating that a statement and its negation cannot both be true at the same time. The recognition of contradictions and the change in meanings over time contributes to the dynamic nature of human understanding and the evolution of legal systems. These principles are crucial for maintaining consistency and avoiding contradiction in reasoning, be it moral, legal, or philosophical.

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