Final answer:
The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, resolved the issue of representation by establishing a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The resolution to the issue of representation in the House and Senate was known as the Great Compromise or the Connecticut Compromise. This agreement established a bicameral legislature within the United States Constitution, which consists of two separate chambers.
The Great Compromise proposed a bicameral legislature, with the House of Representatives having representation based on the population of each state, and the Senate giving equal representation to all states. Each state would have two senators, while the number of representatives in the House would be determined by each state's population.
This compromise helped to balance the interests of both small and large states and became a prominent feature of the U.S. Constitution.
The compromise outlined that the lower house, the House of Representatives, would have representation based on the population of each state, while the upper house, the Senate, would have equal representation from each state with two senators.
Prior to the 17th Amendment in 1913, Senators were appointed by state legislatures, but the amendment changed this process to a direct election by the people due to concerns of corruption and unqualified appointments.