Question

You and another provider have recognized that an adult patient is in cardiac arrest. An advanced airway is not in place. Which actions demonstrate appropriate care?

-Use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2.
-Begin CPR immediately after identifying cardiac arrest.
-Switch positions every 5 minutes to minimize provider fatigue.
-Provide continuous compressions without pausing for ventilations.
-Use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2.

Answer 1

In cardiac arrest care for an adult patient, CPR should be started immediately with a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, switching rescuer positions every 5 minutes. Continuous compressions apply only when an advanced airway is in place, and proper technique is crucial for effectiveness and safety.

Step-by-step explanation:

When providing care to an adult patient in cardiac arrest without an advanced airway in place, the appropriate actions include: beginning CPR immediately after identifying cardiac arrest, using a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2, and switching positions every 5 minutes to minimize provider fatigue. Continuous compressions without pausing for ventilations is not recommended unless an advanced airway is in place. The compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 is typically used for infants and children, not for adult patients. Proper CPR technique involves compressing the chest at least 5 cm deep at a rate of 100 compressions per minute, which is crucial to maintaining blood flow especially to the brain to prevent irreversible damage. It is important to place the hands correctly on the sternum between the lines at T4 and T9 to ensure effective compressions without causing harm to the patient.