Final answer:
The prenatal diagnostic test for evaluating amniotic fluid is called amniocentesis. It allows for the investigation of fetal cells in the fluid, which can provide information on the baby's genetic health and source of non-embryonic stem cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The prenatal diagnostic test where amniotic fluid is aspirated from a pregnant woman for evaluation is called amniocentesis. This procedure helps in analyzing various aspects of the baby's genetic health by examining the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid. The amniotic fluid, contained within the amniotic sac, is essential for fetal growth as it contains proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids, urea, and electrolytes, which all contribute to the development of the fetus. Moreover, amniotic fluid provides a source of non-embryonic stem cells which have the potential to differentiate into various cell types such as brain, liver, and bone cells.
During the late stages of gestation, the amniotic fluid is mainly composed of the fetal urine, and the volume of this fluid is highest at approximately 34 weeks of gestational age. It is essential for the proper lung development of the fetus as it 'inhales' and 'exhales' the fluid. Moreover, swallowed amniotic fluid helps in the formation of meconium, which is the first stool of an infant. If the fetus passes meconium before birth, it can stain the amniotic fluid greenish or yellowish, indicating the possible presence of fetal distress.