Final answer:
The condition where fatty deposits form in the inner lining of arteries is called atherosclerosis. It leads to coronary artery disease, potentially causing heart attacks or strokes. This condition is exacerbated by high-fat diets, smoking, obesity, and diabetes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition in which fatty deposits form in the inner lining of the arteries is known as atherosclerosis. This dangerous condition occurs when plaques, formed by the accumulation of fatty material, cholesterol, and other substances, clog the arteries. Atherosclerosis leads to coronary artery disease (CAD), which is a group of diseases resulting from atherosclerotic plaque buildup in coronary arteries. Over time, these plaques can obstruct blood flow and decrease the flexibility of the arteries, leading to various cardiovascular issues like angina (chest pain) and myocardial infarction (heart attack).
Atherosclerosis can be particularly hazardous when it impairs blood circulation to critical organs such as the heart or brain, causing symptoms like chest pain or the occurrence of a heart attack or stroke. It is closely associated with lifestyle choices, such as a high-fat diet and smoking, as well as medical conditions like obesity and diabetes, which are major risk factors for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease.