Final answer:
A local infection is confined to a small area, while a focal infection can spread to a secondary location.
Step-by-step explanation:
Local Infection:
A local infection is confined to a
small area
of the body, typically near the
portal of entry
. Examples include a hair follicle infected by Staphylococcus aureus resulting in a boil, or a urinary tract infection confined to the bladder.
Focal Infection:
In a focal infection, a localized pathogen or its toxins can spread to a
secondary location
. For example, a dental hygienist nicking the gum can lead to a gum infection by Streptococcus bacteria, which can then spread via the bloodstream and cause infections in other parts of the body.