Final answer:
Respiratory distress syndrome is a condition especially seen in premature infants due to insufficient pulmonary surfactant, while Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung condition with persistent respiratory symptoms, both of which require medical intervention.
Step-by-step explanation:
Respiratory Distress Protocol for Asthma and COPD
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) primarily affects infants, particularly those born prematurely. This condition arises from a deficiency in the pulmonary surfactant, which is essential for lung function. In the absence of sufficient surfactant, the lungs struggle to inflate properly, leading to breathing difficulties (dyspnea), low oxygen levels, and elevated carbon dioxide levels and blood pH. Medical treatment for RDS has advanced significantly, including the administration of pulmonary surfactant and ventilator support.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic poor airflow with symptoms such as shortness of breath and persistent coughing. Treatment and management strategies include supplemental oxygen, medication, and assisted ventilation depending on severity.
Air pollution is a known factor exacerbating respiratory system disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. Effective management of these conditions often requires a comprehensive approach, including both pharmacologic therapy and lifestyle adjustments to minimize exposure to pollutants.