Final answer:
Nurses typically require written orders from a physician to perform procedures such as catheterization, to ensure clarity and accountability, and to mitigate risks such as bloodstream infections. Although nurses can perform these tasks, they are generally done under the direct supervision of a registered nurse, following documented orders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse should refuse to follow the directive from the physician to catheterize the patient when given over the phone as protocol generally requires that direct orders for any procedure or treatment, including catheterization, must be written and signed by the physician or a nurse practitioner. The written orders act as a safeguard to ensure accountability and clarity about the procedure to be performed. This is particularly important given the risks associated with procedures like catheterization, which can lead to potential complications such as bloodstream infections. While nurses can often perform catheterizations, it's generally under the direct supervision of a registered nurse following a physician's order or established protocol.
It's also important to recognize that each healthcare facility might have specific policies regarding verbal orders, and in some situations, verbal orders may only be accepted in emergencies and must be followed by a written order as soon as possible. In the scenario where a nurse is given a verbal directive for catheterization, proper protocol would involve the nurse obtaining a written or electronic order before proceeding, or confirming the directive through a system that is in place to validate and document verbal orders as per the institution's policy. Ensuring accurate and sterile procedures is a vital part of patient care, thus adherence to proper documentation and orders is crucial.