Final answer:
The cerebral arterial circle, or circle of Willis, is the anastomosis of arteries that equalizes blood pressure and provides alternate pathways in the event of arterial blockage in the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anastomosis of arteries within the brain that equalizes blood pressure and provides collateral channels in the event of blockage is the cerebral arterial circle, also known as the circle of Willis. This structure is formed from branches of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries. It ensures continual blood supply to the brain and is critical for maintaining proper cerebral circulation, especially if one of the major arteries is blocked.
The circle of Willis is a key point where the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries contribute blood flow, forming a ring-shaped arterial network. This network includes the anterior communicating artery, the anterior cerebral arteries, and the posterior communicating arteries, which are integral for the posterior portion of the arterial circle. It is essential for providing a backup route for blood to reach all areas of the brain if necessary.