Final answer:
Small Commuter and Executive jets typically use turbofan engines, which have evolved from earlier jet engines to become highly efficient. Large aircraft, such as the Airbus A380, also use advanced turbofan engines to handle their greater weight and passenger capacity. Designing these aircrafts requires a team of engineers from various disciplines, including aerospace, electrical, materials, structural, industrial, and systems engineering.
Step-by-step explanation:
Small Commuter and Executive jets usually utilize turbofan engines for propulsion, which are known for their efficiency and reliability. These engines are a development of the original jet engines introduced in the 1940s and have been refined over the years to enhance performance. In contrast, large aircraft like the Airbus A380, which is the largest commercial jetliner in the world, also depend on advanced, high-thrust turbofan engines to carry their significant weight, including up to 850 passengers, and to overcome air resistance efficiently.
The design and manufacturing of modern jetliners is an enormous engineering task that engages thousands of engineers with various specializations. Aerospace engineers are primarily involved, but due to the complexity of the systems such as miles of electrical wiring and the need for durable materials that can withstand the forces during flight, the skills of electrical engineers, materials engineers, and structural engineers are also crucial. Industrial engineers with insight into human-computer interaction are vital for designing user-friendly control systems for pilots, and systems engineers ensure that all parts of the aircraft function together harmoniously.