Final answer:
When heart valves do not open properly, it can lead to a prolapsed valve, often due to damage to the chordae tendineae. This disruption causes blood to flow backward in a condition known as regurgitation, which produces a heart murmur.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the surge-bleed valves, more formally known as heart valves, fail to open on schedule, it can lead to a prolapsed valve. This condition occurs when one of the cusps of the valve is pushed backward due to the force of the blood flow. The prolapse may arise if the chordae tendineae are damaged or broken, sabotaging the valve's closure mechanism. Consequently, this prevents the valve from closing adequately, interrupting the standard one-way blood circulation and precipitating regurgitation. As blood flows backward from its intended direction, regurgitation is discernible, often identified by a heart murmur detected with a stethoscope.