Final answer:
The purpose of a diffuser in a gas turbine engine is to slow down the air from the compressor, increase its pressure, and ensure efficient fuel mixing and uniform flow into the combustion chamber. This process enhances the overall efficiency of the engine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of a diffuser within a gas turbine engine is to decelerate the high-speed, high-pressure air coming from the engine compressor. The energy from the air's velocity is converted into pressure as it passes through the diffuser. The primary functions of the diffuser in a gas turbine engine include: reducing the velocity of the air, increasing its pressure and preparing it for the combustion stage, and ensuring more efficient mixing with fuel and a more uniform flow into the combustion chamber. The component must also withstand the high temperatures and corrosive nature of the hot gases.
It is important to note that the term 'diffuser' is also used in the context of nuclear energy applications, such as the separation of uranium isotopes during the enrichment process for nuclear fuel or weapons. However, this is not related to the function of a diffuser in a gas turbine engine, where its role is tied to optimizing air compression prior to fuel combustion.