Question

A 2-year-old child with a history of congenital heart disease requires dental extraction. Which of the conditions necessitates the use of antibiotic for infective endocarditis?

A. Unrepaired ventricular septal defect (VSD)
B. VSD, surgically closed 4 months ago
C. Atrial septal defect (ASD), closed with a device in the cardiac cath lab 8 months ago
D. Unrepaired aortic stenosis
E. Dextro-transposition of the great arteries status post arterial switch operation in infancy

Answer 1

In dental extraction for a 2-year-old child with a history of congenital heart disease, the use of antibiotics for infective endocarditis is necessary if they have an unrepaired ventricular septal defect (VSD).

Step-by-step explanation:

For dental extraction in a 2-year-old child with a history of congenital heart disease, the use of antibiotics for infective endocarditis is necessary in certain conditions. Among the given conditions, the one that necessitates the use of antibiotics is an unrepaired ventricular septal defect (VSD). Infective endocarditis can occur when bacteria enter the bloodstream during dental procedures and can lead to severe complications in individuals with certain heart conditions, such as a VSD. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended to prevent infective endocarditis in patients with unrepaired VSD.