Final answer:
Opportunistic infections are not caused by healthcare workers carrying infectious material, but rather by pathogens that take advantage of a weakened immune system. These infections mainly affect individuals with compromised immune systems, and can be caused by various pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
Opportunistic infections are infections that occur in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those infected with HIV. These infections are not caused by healthcare workers carrying infectious material from one patient to another, but rather by pathogens that take advantage of a weakened immune system.
For example, a healthcare worker may carry methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in their nares, which is harmless on intact, healthy skin. However, if introduced into other parts of the body, such as through a surgical incision, MRSA can cause infection.
It's important to note that opportunistic infections can be caused by various pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, and viruses, and they mainly affect individuals with compromised immune systems.