Final answer:
Majority theory believes in majority rule, while minority rule refers to a situation where a small group of individuals holds power and makes decisions that affect the larger population.
Step-by-step explanation:
Majority theory, or majoritarianism, is a concept in social studies that believes in majority rule. It describes the roles and responsibilities of the majority and who has the power to shape the rules of government and society. The majority uses their power to secure their status and often denies opportunities to the minority group members, making it difficult for them to participate in the political process.
On the other hand, minority rule refers to a situation where a small group of individuals holds power and makes decisions that affect the larger population. An example of minority rule can be seen in a dictatorship, where an individual or a small group controls the government and imposes their will on the majority.