Final answer:
Signs and symptoms of a UTI include cloudy urine with sediment, flank pain, and hematuria (blood in urine), with possible burning during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and fever or chills. A medical provider can diagnose UTIs by symptomatic assessment and urine tests, often treating them with antibiotics. Hence, d. all of the above is the correct option.
Step-by-step explanation:
The signs and symptoms indicating a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) include cloudy urine with sediment, flank pain, and hematuria, which is the presence of blood in the urine. UTIs can cause a range of symptoms such as a burning feeling when urinating, frequent or intense urges to urinate, pain below the ribs, dark or foul-smelling urine, and fever or chills. Cystitis, an infection of the bladder, typically presents with dysuria, pyuria, hematuria, and bladder pain. Pyelonephritis is a more severe form of UTI that can lead to kidney infections, and it typically develops from an untreated bladder infection.
If someone exhibits these symptoms, they should seek medical attention as UTIs can lead to more serious conditions if left untreated. A healthcare provider will typically ask about symptoms and then test a urine sample to diagnose a UTI and prescribe antibiotics if needed.