Final answer:
EMTs must master the physical examination techniques of observation, palpation, and auscultation, with auscultation being particularly important for assessing heart sounds using a stethoscope.
Step-by-step explanation:
Essential EMT Physical Examination Techniques
Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) must be proficient in several key physical examination techniques as part of their duties. Among these techniques, three fundamental ones are observation, palpation, and auscultation. These methods enable EMTs to assess various physical and physiological parameters of a patient's condition. Observation involves looking at the patient to assess for signs such as skin color, respiratory effort, and visible injuries. Palpation is the act of feeling the patient's body with hands to assess for abnormalities like swelling or tenderness. Finally, auscultation is a crucial technique where EMTs use a stethoscope to listen to sounds made by the organs, most importantly the heart sounds, to evaluate the state of the patient's heart.
Therefore, the correct answer to which physical examination techniques an EMT must master is: C. Observation, palpation, and auscultation.