Final answer:
Bleeding from a large vein may lead to hypoperfusion, transmission of bloodborne illnesses, and in rare cases, air embolism. Venoconstriction can enhance blood pressure, blood flow, and return of blood to the heart.
Step-by-step explanation:
When there is bleeding from a large vein, several complications may occur. One of these complications is hypoperfusion, which refers to an inadequacy in blood supply to the organs and tissues of the body. This can happen because of the decrease in the return of blood to the heart due to significant blood loss, leading to inadequate oxygen supply to tissues. Another potential complication is the transmission of bloodborne illnesses, especially if the bleeding is due to a contaminated instrument or in situations where contaminated blood comes in contact with another person. Lastly, an air embolism may occur, although it is less common with venous bleeding, it can happen if air enters the venous system and travels to the heart or lungs, causing a blockage.
Additionally, regarding venoconstriction, this process can lead to an increase in blood pressure within the vein, blood flow within the vein, and the return of blood to the heart, as indicated in Chapter 25 review question 12: Venoconstriction increases which of the following? with the answer being D. all of the above.