Final answer:
A test to monitor eye pressure during eye examinations is used to detect glaucoma, a condition where fluid buildup increases intraocular pressure and can damage the optic nerve. People over 40 are at higher risk and should test their intraocular pressure regularly.
Step-by-step explanation:
During eye examinations, a test is done to monitor the pressure within the eye. This test is done to detect a condition known as glaucoma. Glaucoma is caused by a buildup of pressure when the circulation of fluid in the eye is blocked. The normal range of intraocular pressure is 12.0 to 24.0 mm Hg, but in glaucoma, it can be much higher. An increase in intraocular pressure can permanently damage the optic nerve if not managed appropriately.
To measure intraocular pressure, most techniques involve exerting a force on the anesthetized eye and observing its response. A common noncontact method involves using a puff of air and measuring the force needed to indent the eye. The reaction of the eye to this force helps in determining the eye's internal pressure. A high intraocular pressure indicates that the eye will deform less and rebound more vigorously, reflecting the possibility of glaucoma. People over 40 years of age are at the highest risk and should have their intraocular pressure tested regularly to detect and control excessive pressures effectively.