Final answer:
e. The patient may experience palpitations while lying on left side. Mitral valve stenosis is characterized by a rumbling apical diastolic murmur and palpitations while lying on the left side.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which characteristics describe mitral valve stenosis? (Select all that apply.)
A. Classic signs of dyspnea, angina, and syncope
B. Rumbling apical diastolic murmur
C. S3 often present due to severe regurgitation
D. Right-sided failure results in neck vein distention
E. The patient may experience palpitations while lying on left side
The correct answers are B and E.
Mitral valve stenosis is a condition in which the mitral valve becomes stiff and narrow, reducing the flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The characteristic rumbling apical diastolic murmur is heard when blood flows through the narrowed valve during diastole. Additionally, patients with mitral valve stenosis may experience palpitations while lying on their left side, known as orthopnea.