Final answer:
The answer is 'B. Medical school,' which is an institution for teaching medicine. Admission to medical school requires significant effort, and historical obstacles have influenced the professional landscape for Black physicians. Medical school graduates often undergo extensive residency training before becoming certified specialists, like cardiologists.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the fill-in-the-blank question is 'B. Medical school.' An institution for teaching medicine is known as a medical school. Simply wanting to be a doctor doesn't guarantee admission to medical school. Although one may aspire to become a doctor, it requires hard work and dedication to gain entry into a medical school. Black physicians in history have earned medical degrees and practiced in the United States, facing significant challenges in gaining professional experience and acceptance, leading to the formation of the National Medical Association in 1895.
Upon completing medical school, graduates typically proceed to a residency program. For instance, cardiologists will finish a three-year residency in internal medicine and then continue for several more years specializing in cardiology. After intensive training and passing rigorous examinations, they may achieve board certification and possibly receive recognition by professional associations such as the American College of Cardiology.