Final answer:
Hypoglycemia is the condition caused by a lack of sugar in the diet, characterized by low blood sugar levels, which can lead to symptoms such as weakness and dizziness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition caused by a lack of sugar in the diet is Hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar (glucose) levels are lower than normal. Glucose is the main energy source for the body, and a lack of glucose intake can lead to symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, and if severe, loss of consciousness. In contrast, Hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels, which often occurs in individuals with diabetes mellitus when there is either insufficient insulin or it is not functioning properly. Conditions such as galactosemia, and excessive production of insulin due to pancreatic tumors (Hyperinsulinism), can also affect blood glucose levels. It is important to properly manage and treat conditions that affect glucose levels to maintain overall health and prevent serious complications.