Final answer:
Progesterone is a female sex hormone that is important for maintaining a successful pregnancy, regulating the menstrual cycle, and preparing the body for pregnancy. It works together with estrogen and has various effects on reproductive organs and processes. Progesterone is also used as a contraceptive and is produced by the ovaries and later by the placenta during pregnancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Progesterone is a female sex hormone secreted mainly by the ovaries that helps maintain a successful pregnancy. It is involved in the maturation and maintenance of reproductive organs, preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, and regulation of the menstrual cycle. Progesterone works together with estrogen to promote menstrual cycle changes in the endometrium and inhibits ovulation when present in high concentrations, making it a contraceptive. During pregnancy, progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and later by the placenta, and it prevents new ovarian follicles from developing and suppresses uterine contractility. Overall, progesterone plays a crucial role in reproductive physiology.