Final answer:
A civil dispute involves at least one party alleging harm by another, with contract disputes and tort claims as common types.
Step-by-step explanation:
A civil dispute refers to a conflict between two parties where at least one party alleges harm or injury caused by the other. Various types of civil disputes exist, and two illustrative examples include contract disputes and tort claims.
Contract disputes materialize when one party contends that the other has violated the terms of a legally binding agreement. These conflicts often revolve around disagreements on the interpretation, performance, or fulfillment of contractual obligations. Disputes of this nature are typically addressed through civil litigation, seeking remedies such as damages or specific performance.
Tort claims, on the other hand, arise from situations involving harm or injury caused by one party to another. This harm can result from negligence or intentional acts. Personal injury cases, a common category of tort claims, involve one party alleging that another's actions, whether through negligence or intent, caused them harm. Civil courts address tort claims, aiming to provide compensation to the injured party for the damages suffered. Both contract disputes and tort claims contribute to the diverse landscape of civil disputes, each requiring legal resolution through the appropriate channels.