Final answer:
Magnesium toxicity, or hypermagnesemia, occurs primarily in individuals with kidney dysfunction or from excessive intake through supplements or medications. Symptoms range from muscle weakness and poor coordination to trouble speaking and severe neurological disruptions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Magnesium toxicity, also known as hypermagnesemia, can occur under certain conditions where the intake or accumulation of magnesium in the body exceeds its ability to be excreted. This is typically seen in individuals with kidney dysfunction, where the kidneys cannot efficiently remove excess magnesium. Another risk factor is excessive intake, particularly from supplements, laxatives, or medications containing magnesium.
Symptoms of magnesium toxicity include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, and more severe neurological symptoms like trouble speaking, hearing, or seeing. Severe hypermagnesemia can lead to respiratory distress, cardiac arrest, and even death. To prevent toxicity, magnesium intake should be monitored, especially in individuals with kidney impairments or those receiving high-dose supplementation.