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Which are congenital diseases in infants? (Select all that apply.)

a. Cleft lip
b. Clubfoot
c. Hydrocephaly
d. Obesity

User MCollard
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

Cleft lip, clubfoot, and hydrocephaly are congenital diseases in infants, present from birth. Clubfoot has a frequency of about 1 in every 1,000 births and affects the foot and ankle. Obesity is not considered a congenital disease.

Step-by-step explanation:

Congenital diseases in infants are conditions that are present from birth. Among the options provided, the congenital diseases include:

  • Cleft lip – It is a physical split or separation of the two sides of the upper lip and is a common congenital defect.
  • Clubfoot – Known as talipes, clubfoot is a condition where the foot is twisted inward at a sharp angle. It occurs approximately in 1 out of every 1,000 births.
  • Hydrocephaly (more commonly known as hydrocephalus) – This is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid occurs within the brain, potentially leading to increased intracranial pressure and subsequent physical and intellectual disabilities.

Obesity is generally not considered a congenital disease as it is typically caused by a combination of excessive food intake, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility, but it can develop after birth.

User Jakub Wieczorek
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