Final answer:
Pre-hospitalization authorization is considered an example of managed care, a system that controls costs by managing healthcare provision. Socialized medicine is exemplified by Canada's public healthcare system, and in the US, Medicare and Medicaid serve older adults and low-income individuals, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pre-hospitalization authorization is a practice used in the managed care system. Managed care is a type of health insurance plan that requires patients to get approval before they are hospitalized in order to have the costs covered by the insurance provider. This system is designed to control costs for the insurer while managing the provision of healthcare for the member.
The program that is an example of socialized medicine is Canada's system, which offers publicly funded health care to all citizens. The government manages the healthcare system rather than private entities, and it is funded through taxes.
In the United States, public healthcare systems like Medicare and Medicaid serve different populations. Medicare offers insurance primarily to people over sixty-five years old, while Medicaid provides coverage for low-income individuals and families. The Veterans Health Administration is a government-run system providing care to military veterans, and it could also be seen as a form of socialized medicine within the United States.