Final answer:
The best position to ease breathing during an asthma attack is sitting upright, possibly leaning forward. An inhaler or nebulizer should be used if available, and severe symptoms require immediate medical attention. Long-term medications can prevent future attacks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When someone is having an asthma attack, the position that is generally recommended to ease breathing is sitting upright. Leaning slightly forward can also help, as this position can reduce the pressure on the chest and allow the lungs to expand more easily. It is important to remain calm to prevent further tightening of the chest muscles. Using a fast-acting inhaler, if prescribed, can help to soothe the constricted air passages and make breathing easier. In the case of young children or individuals who have difficulty using an inhaler, medications can instead be administered via a nebulizer.
During an asthma attack, three changes that occur inside the airways are inflammation and swelling of the airway lining, tightening of the surrounding muscles, and increased production of mucus, all of which lead to narrowing of the airways and difficulty breathing. If symptoms of a severe asthma attack are present, such as blue lips or face, confusion, or rapid pulse, immediate medical attention is required. Longer-term control medications like corticosteroids may also be prescribed to prevent further asthma attacks and manage the condition.