Question

Elsa participates in a Title VII investigation at the firm where she works. As a result, Elsa's employer demotes her. Elsa can file a

-constructive discharge claim.
-harassment complaint.
-disparate-impact discrimination claim.
-retaliation claim.

Answer 1

Elsa can file a retaliation claim because Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits not only discrimination but also retaliation against employees who engage in protected activities such as participating in discrimination investigations.

Step-by-step explanation:

If Elsa is demoted at her workplace after participating in a Title VII investigation, she can rightfully file a retaliation claim. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees from discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin, and equally prohibits retaliation against an employee for participating in discrimination claim activities or investigations. Since Elsa experienced a negative employment action (demotion) as a result of her participation in a Title VII investigation, which is a protected activity, she has the grounds to allege that her employer's action constitutes unlawful retaliation. The Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act and Supreme Court rulings highlight the importance of filing within appropriate timeframes and the challenges faced in discrimination cases, further emphasizing the protections afforded to employees under the law.