Final answer:
The common complication that may arise if pyelonephritis develops due to refusal of antibiotics is septicemia. This is a severe systemic reaction to the spread of the infection into the bloodstream, which can be life-threatening.
Step-by-step explanation:
If Crystal is not compliant and refuses the antibiotics, and her infection develops into pyelonephritis, a common complication that can arise is septicemia. Pyelonephritis is a serious kidney infection often caused by a bacterial infection that can progress from a lower urinary tract infection to the kidneys. This condition can lead to systemic complications, including the spread of the infection through the bloodstream, which can result in sepsis or blood poisoning. Septicemia is a potentially life-threatening condition as bacteria from the infection can enter the bloodstream, leading to widespread inflammation and organ damage. This is why timely diagnosis with urine and blood cultures, followed by the appropriate use of antibiotics, is critical in treating pyelonephritis to prevent such severe outcomes. In cases where the infection is extremely resistant, like infections by superbug strains, a more aggressive treatment approach is required.