Final answer:
To prevent a chronic or longstanding problem due to PHN, start antivirals like valacyclovir within 48-72 hours of the rash.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rule for preventing a chronic or longstanding problem due to PHN (postherpetic neuralgia) is to start antivirals like valacyclovir within 48-72 hours of the rash.
Antiviral medications can help reduce the number and duration of episodes of active viral disease, during which patients develop viral lesions in their skin cells. By keeping the virus in its dormant phase, these medications can make the symptoms of the disease more manageable. Starting the antivirals within the specified timeframe is important to prevent the development of chronic or longstanding pain associated with PHN.