Final answer:
The delivery of notice to a defendant to appear in court at their last known address is called service of process. This ensures the defendant's constitutional right to be informed about the legal action and to prepare a defense.
It also adheres to the requirement that trials should take place in the district where the crime was committed, unless a change of venue is necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
The delivery of notice to a defendant to appear in court or summons to his or her last known address is generally referred to as service of process. This legal procedure ensures that the defendant is made aware of the legal action against them, including the time, date, and location where they must appear in court.
The Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires that a court summons must be sent to the defendant's last known address to uphold their right to be informed of the accusations against them and to prepare a defense.
Furthermore, defendants have the right to a fair trial in the district where the crime was committed, but can request a change of venue if they believe influences within that district would prevent a fair trial. Individuals, even noncitizens summoned for jury duty, must comply with these court notices or face potential legal consequences.