Final answer:
The principal cause of accidents on construction sites is unsafe conditions, which can include hazards such as faulty equipment, inadequate safety measures, poor lighting, and congested work areas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option III. Unsafe conditions are the primary cause of accidents on construction sites. These conditions can include hazards such as faulty equipment, inadequate safety measures, poor lighting, and congested work areas. Unsafe acts and rules can contribute to accidents as well, but they are often a result of the unsafe conditions present.
For example, if a construction site has poor lighting, it increases the likelihood of workers tripping over objects or not being able to see potential hazards. This would be an unsafe condition that can lead to accidents. Similarly, if a site lacks proper safety protocols and rules, it can create an overall unsafe environment.
Therefore, it is crucial for construction sites to prioritize safety and address any potential unsafe conditions to minimize the risk of accidents.
The correct answer is option I. and III., unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Unsafe acts involve behaviors that employees engage in that can lead to accidents, such as failure to follow instructions, not wearing protective gear, or operating equipment without proper training.
This is supported by the example of a safety engineer who found that 35 percent of industrial accidents at her plant were caused by a failure of employees to follow instructions.
On the other hand, unsafe conditions are hazardous situations that can cause accidents, such as faulty equipment, inadequate safety measures, or hazardous environmental conditions. It is critical for construction sites to address both human behavior and environmental conditions to reduce the risk of accidents.