Final answer:
Neanderthal anatomy, including their stocky build, large nasal cavity, and robust limbs, was adapted to conserve heat and survive in cold climates. The large brain cavity and physical strength, along with the use of fire and animal skins for clothing, aided their survival. Fossil evidence highlights their robust anatomy as a key to their adaptation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neanderthal anatomy was well adapted to the cold climates they inhabited. Their physical features, including a stocky build and barrel chest, helped to conserve heat. They were also characterized by short, robust limbs which, along with their broad scapulae, indicated strong muscles capable of powerful movement. Neanderthals had a large nasal cavity which could warm and humidify the cold air before it reached their lungs, and their large front teeth with wear patterns suggest they may have chewed on tough materials like leather. The occipital bun at the back of their skull, large brow ridges, and the large brain cavity are additional features contributing to their adaptation to the cold climate. Their successful use of fire and animal skins as clothing further aided their ability to survive in harsh conditions.