Final answer:
Overinflation of an endotracheal tube cuff may cause damage to the trachea, including ischemia, ulcerations, stenosis, necrosis, and may result in granuloma formation due to the pressure exerted on the tracheal lining.
Step-by-step explanation:
Overinflation of an endotracheal tube cuff in the trachea of an anesthetized animal may result in various complications. One primary concern is the increased risk of damage to the tracheal lining, which can lead to tracheal ischemia, ulcerations, and subsequent scar formation that may cause tracheal stenosis.
In addition, excessive pressure from the cuff may impede blood flow to the tracheal mucosa, potentially resulting in necrosis and long-term complications such as granuloma formation. The inflated cuff can also exert pressure against the delicate structures of the trachea, leading to discomfort and potential injury. Careful monitoring of cuff pressure is therefore essential to minimize these risks.