Final answer:
The posterior tibial artery can be palpated for a pulse near the medial tarsal region, just behind the medial malleolus of the ankle. It supplies blood to the posterior calf region and is a branch of the popliteal artery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The posterior tibial artery is a vital blood vessel that branches from the popliteal artery, situated behind the knee. It is responsible for supplying blood to the region around the posterior side of the tibia. This artery gives rise to the fibular or peroneal artery and can be located near the medial tarsal regions of the ankle. To palpate the posterior tibial pulse, one should place the tips of the fingers just behind and slightly below the medial malleolus, which is the bony protrusion on the inner side of the ankle. Apply gentle pressure to feel the pulse, which is an important indicator of vascular health in the lower extremities.
The posterior tibial vein, which accompanies the artery, is formed from the dorsal venous arch and drains the area near the posterior surface of the tibia, leading to the popliteal vein.