Final answer:
Signs of inflammation include early symptoms like pain and pressure, with late signs manifesting as pallor and paralysis. Symptoms are subjective and sometimes quantified using scales, while signs are objective and measurable. Symptoms vary by disease and can range from general discomfort to specific conditions such as paralysis or stiffness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hallmarks of inflammation include pain as an early sign and symptoms such as pressure. Late signs often involve more severe symptoms including pallor, lack of pulse, paresthesia (abnormal sensations like tingling), and paralysis. Symptoms are subjective experiences by the patient, whereas signs are objective, measurable findings. Clinicians may attempt to quantify symptoms, like pain, using scales such as the Wong-Baker Faces pain-rating scale or evaluating physiological responses like skin conductance fluctuations.
Early signs of disease may vary but commonly include general symptoms like temperature instability and irritability, whereas late signs could indicate a more serious progression, including seizures and stiffness. Specific symptoms are associated with various diseases, such as hypopigmented skin in skin conditions or nausea and vomiting in systemic infections. Cancer, as an example, may present with a range of symptoms from lumps and weight loss to paraneoplastic phenomena. The four cardinal signs of inflammation documented by Cornelius Celsus still serve as a foundation for identifying inflammatory processes today.