Final answer:
The Taung Child is a fossil of Australopithecus africanus, known for its bipedalism and traits that align with modern human characteristics, despite having a small brain size.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Taung Child is a fossilized skull of a young Australopithecus africanus, discovered in 1924. Characteristics such as a lack of brow ridges, small canines, and the positioning of the foramen magnum suggest that A. africanus was bipedal and had some traits analogous to modern humans. Despite a brain size comparable to that of a chimpanzee, bipedalism marks a significant evolutionary step towards humanlike locomotion. A. africanus is believed to have lived around 2 to 3 million years ago, during a time when several early hominids coexisted.