Final answer:
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis is treated with immediate antiviral medication and supportive care, followed by a neurological exam to assess severity. Diagnosis involves blood tests and PCR testing of CSF. Subsequent treatment depends on test results and can include hospital admission and long-term care strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
When diagnosing and treating Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE), a medical professional must follow a series of specific steps in providing care. Initially, upon suspecting HSE, immediate orders typically include the administration of antiviral medication such as intravenous acyclovir, while also managing any acute symptoms presented by the patient. These immediate orders are critical in reducing the progression of the disease and potential complications.
An important diagnostic tool for HSE is a neurological exam to assess the patient's neurological function which can indicate the severity of the encephalitis. The neurologic exam includes evaluating a patient's mental status, motor and sensory function, coordination, and cranial nerves. According to the provided video links (though not accessible), the order of the neurological exam and which section might be omitted could be essential for identifying the patient's condition accurately.
Blood tests to detect antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are also part of the diagnostic process. After the initial assessment and treatment orders, further orders will depend on the test results, indicating, for example, whether additional antiviral agents or supportive treatments are needed.
In severe cases, such as with neonates or when treatments do not effectively control symptoms, hospital admission may be necessary. For admitted patients, admit orders will include ongoing care, monitoring, and any specific interventions required. Final orders ensue after the patient's condition stabilizes, often focusing on long-term care strategies, possible preventative measures for recurrence, and patient education on managing herpes infections.