Final answer:
The adaptive strategy of shifting cultivation is associated with horticultural societies, which typically feature social structures based on kinship and minimal gender hierarchy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The adaptive strategy described in the question involves shifting cultivation, typically associated with horticultural societies. These societies are often characterized by ranked social structures based on kinship and tend to exhibit minimal gender hierarchy. Shifting cultivation is a form of plant cultivation that entails using a plot of land for a few years for crop production and then moving to a new plot while allowing the former to rejuvenate naturally. This method is in contrast with intensive agriculture, which involves continuous use of the same land through the use of technologies such as irrigation and plowing.
Horticultural societies use simple tools like digging sticks and stone axes, which is indicative of their extensive nature of farming that does not rely on animal or mechanical power. Horticulture supports permanent settlements but generally does not generate the surpluses required for the development of large cities or highly stratified societies, hence the association with minimal hierarchy and kinship-based ranking.