Final answer:
Gender is a cultural construct that varies from culture to culture, involving behaviors and roles that society assigns based on biological sex. It is distinct from biological sex and is subject to change. The concept of gender includes a broad range of expressions and identities, including those of transgender and intersex individuals. The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gender is c. a cultural construct that varies from culture to culture. It involves the behaviors, personal traits, and social positions that society attributes to people based on their biological sex. Gender roles are culturally specific, learned, and subject to change over time, which makes them different from biological sex, which is determined by physical characteristics such as chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs.
In some cultures, more than two gender categories are recognized, challenging the gender binary system that assumes there are only two genders, male and female. However, cultural roles of gender assign behaviors, relationships, responsibilities, and rights differently to people, which can often lead to gender inequality.
Furthermore, an individual's biological sex does not always align with their gender identity, which can be seen in the experiences of transgender and intersex individuals. Therefore, understanding gender as a complex and variable cultural construct is essential in the discourse of gender studies.