Final answer:
In peri-operative management, insulin injections help decrease blood glucose levels post-meal but must be carefully dosed to avoid hypoglycemia. IDDM patients will show a drop in glucose levels upon insulin administration, as opposed to insulin-non-responsive patients.
Step-by-step explanation:
Management of hypoglycemia in peri-operative settings and the use of insulin therapy are important considerations in the treatment of diabetes. When a patient receives insulin injections, it facilitates the transport and storage of glucose to decrease blood glucose levels after a meal high in glucose. However, monitoring is crucial as overdosing on insulin can cause severe hypoglycemia, indicating a need to adjust the dosage.
Patients who have Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) will show a characteristic drop in blood glucose levels in response to insulin, as insulin aids glucose utilization by cells. This effect is confirmed by conducting an insulin tolerance test. In cases of insulin-non-responsive diabetes mellitus, blood glucose levels may not decrease significantly, which might be due to excessive insulin antagonists or defective insulin receptors.