Final answer:
Olduvai Gorge has been the site of discovery for several early hominin species such as Paranthropus boisei and different species of Australopithecus. It has played a crucial role in understanding human evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Olduvai Gorge, now known as Oldupai Gorge, is a site of major paleoanthropological importance located in Tanzania. It has provided evidence of various early hominin species. Among the notable discoveries are the remains of the robust hominin Paranthropus boisei, initially classified as Zinjanthropus boisei, identified by Mary and Louis Leakey in 1959. Additionally, several species of the genus Australopithecus have been found, including Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus bahrelghazali, Australopithecus garhi, and Australopithecus africanus. Even more distant relatives of modern humans, such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis and various species of Ardipithecus, contribute to our understanding of hominin evolution, although they were not found in Olduvai Gorge but in other parts of Africa. The discovery of these species helps scientists piece together the puzzle of human evolution.