Final answer:
The roots of the permanent maxillary central incisors typically complete by age 10. This is a phase in the development of permanent teeth during middle childhood.
Step-by-step explanation:
The roots of the permanent maxillary central incisors are completed generally by the age of 10 years. This is part of the normal development of permanent teeth, which occurs mainly during middle childhood. The transition from deciduous teeth to permanent teeth takes place roughly between ages 6 and 12, when most permanent teeth emerge and replace the baby teeth after they are lost. Specifically, the upper central incisors emerge around age seven or eight, and the roots complete their formation about two to three years later.
In general, permanent teeth start emerging and replacing baby teeth around the age of 6 to 7 years. The permanent maxillary central incisors are the first permanent teeth to emerge from around the age of 6 months, and their root development is typically completed by the age of 10 years.