Final answer:
The archaic Homo sapiens group adapted for cold climates with pronounced brow ridges and large nasal cavities is Homo neanderthalensis or Neanderthals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The archaic Homo sapiens group known for having a pronounced brow ridge, stocky build, and massive nasal cavities, which are adaptations to cold weather, is Homo neanderthalensis (commonly known as Neanderthals). Neanderthals evolved from Homo erectus and lived in Europe and western Asia between about 200,000 and 30,000 years ago. They were well-adapted to cold environments, as evidenced by their robust physiques and large nasal cavities that helped to warm and moisten the air before it entered their lungs. Neanderthals also had a brain size comparable to or even larger than modern humans, and their culture included the use of fire, hunting of large game, and body decoration with paints.