Final answer:
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology or evolutionary anthropology, started in 1930 with the establishment of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists and expanded in 1951 with the introduction of a new focus on human evolution by Sherwood Washburn.
Step-by-step explanation:
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology or evolutionary anthropology, focuses on the earliest processes in the biological and sociocultural development of human beings as well as the biological diversity of contemporary humans. It formalized in 1930 with the establishment of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, now known as the American Association of Biological Anthropologists. The name change was to distance the discipline from the term physical anthropology, which has been associated with views promoting scientific racism. The field expanded in 1951 with the introduction of a new focus on human evolution and the evolutionary process by American anthropologist Sherwood Washburn.